Andhra Pradesh has applied a complete 3-tier disease control plan intended at improving disease surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment results across the state. The model is designed to create a unified flow of medical attention—from early detection at the civic level to advanced care at tertiary hospitals—ensuring faster response and reducing disease burden.
Tier 1: Village & Primary Level — Early Detection and Prevention/Precaution
At the first tier, the importance is on identifying/detecting health problems early through community-based surveillance(observation). ASHA workers, ANMs, and village volunteers perform regular diagnosis, observe symptoms, these workers observe and collect all the data and maintain digital records of health conditions in their localities and community. Primary Health Centres (PHCs) assist as the first phase of interaction for basic check-ups and precautionary care.
Key duties at Tier 1:
- Door-to-door health surveys and symptom one-to-one care
- Vaccination initiatives and health education
- Entry of patient symptoms in digital portal and immediate uprising if patterns (regularly or repeatedly) appear
Result: Early detection helps in preventing disease from dispersal and decreases the risk of any upcoming complications.
Tier 2: District-Level Diagnostics — Exact Calculation and Case Supervision
Once any case is identified at the primary level, it transfers to the second tier for further analysis and treatment. Community Health Centres (CHCs), area hospitals, and district hospitals perform as well-equipped diagnostic centres with advanced laboratory services, radiology, and specialist doctors.
Key Roles at Tier 2:
- Confirming diagnosis using advanced laboratory and imaging facilities
- Initiating treatment at district hospitals
- Monitoring cases through district surveillance units
- Fast-tracking referrals to state-level hospitals if needed
Outcome: Exact diagnosis and appropriate treatment will reduce patient overload in hospitals at tertiary centres and allow better management of cases nearby.
Tier 3: State-Level Tertiary Care — Advanced Treatment and Planned Decision Construction
The third tier involves medical colleges and tertiary care hospitals that handle severe or complicated cases which requiring specialized treatment. State-level health establishments analyse district data to observe tendencies and make calculated public health decisions.
Key Responsibilities at Tier 3:
- Providing advanced treatment and specialist interventions
- Reviewing data from all districts for disease trend analysis
- Allocating resources, issuing advisories, and managing emergency response
Outcome: Centralized supervising confirms effective disease control, policy formulation, and readiness for future health challenges.
Key highlights of the 3-Tier Plan
✔ Integrated referral system from village to state
✔ Real-time digital disease tracking
✔ Community participation in surveillance
✔ Data-driven decision-making
Total Influence
This organized plan has meaningfully supported public health authority in Andhra Pradesh. By merging community contribution, disease monitoring in digital form, and a systematic transfer pathway, the state ensures faster diagnosis, timely treatment, and effective disease control system. The model represents an advancing-rational approach that places Andhra Pradesh as a leader in preventive and data-driven healthcare management.